Author Archives: Tamera

Brain Electricity to Charge Your Phone?

I like what I do, and I enjoy talking about the brain’s energy system and how it can be shifted.  People who contact me wanting to know more about neurofeedback tend to be surprised when I tell them that the brain is electro-chemical in nature. It’s fun to watch them realize that our entire body runs on electricity, and that they have the power through brain training to alter how that electricity is functioning in their own brain.

So, it was with great pleasure that I ran across this fun and informative article from Gizmodo  in which the author took the time to calculate the average amount of electricity that a brain produces.  She found that if one were able to take all the brain’s electricity and direct it toward charging an iPhone, it would take 68 hours to charge fully.  Or, if you didn’t want to drain the brain and opted just to divert one percent of the brain’s function, it would take 285 days to charge.

I encourage you to read the article, because it’s an interesting approach to explaining a bit about how our bodies work.  It also includes a short, three-minute video from YouTube that explains how the brain produces electricity, which, if you choose not to read the article (oh, but please do read the article!), you can watch here.

http://https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1-NA86aAMvY

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Yoga, Meditation for Chronic Concussion Symptoms

The first meta-analysis of the impact of meditation, yoga, and mindfulness-based interventions on chronic symptoms of concussion/mild traumatic brain injury showed significant reductions in depression and fatigue.  Published in Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, the University of Connecticut-based study showed no negative effects and almost across-the-board improvements in troubling symptoms, meaning that there is little or no downside to trying one or more mind-body approaches to wellness.  Read the summary at Science Direct and the study itself here.

Fomites, COVID-19, and You

I learned a new word today:  fomite.  A fomite is an object that can contribute to the spread of viruses and bacteria from one person to another.  A door or faucet handle are common fomites.

This article from WIRED magazine provides a balanced approach to how fomites contribute and do not contribute to the spread of COVID-19.  I encourage you to read it, especially if you’re still washing down groceries and mail.

(NOTE:  I am still and will continue to be cleaning door handles, faucet and toilet handles, and other surfaces that clients touch regularly in between each appointment.  I have always and will continue to clean headphones and electrodes between each person. I also use air purifiers constantly and open windows when weather permits.)

Music for Anxiety and OCD

It is my great fortune to be a part of an international group of neurofeedback practitioners who share tips, ideas, and concerns.  This past week, one of them, Dr. Diane Stoler of Massachusetts, shared the following snippet about reggae music helping with anxiety and OCD, and I felt it was worth sharing with you.  She said:

We all know music helps to soothe. Children love to be sung to sleep.   Over the years, I have encouraged my patients to listen to classical music or jazz.   I also encourage certain specific sounds such as 528 Hz or 396 Hz.   If this interests you, Bob Yourell has a fantastic music recording that is the audio equivalent of EMDR.  [It’s pricey but available on Amazon.]

The other day there was a program discussing ways to soothe and calm dogs as their owners leave home and return to work.  One suggestion was to leave the clothing of the owner for the dog.  The other suggestion was reggae music.  Now, I never thought of suggesting reggae music to any of my patients to help soothe them.

So, with my neurofeedback patients who have clear anxiety and/or OCD, I decided to explore and see how the brain would react to this music. I knew that the above-mentioned music or frequency helps actually help calm the brain and emotional areas, so why not experiment with other kinds of music.  

Then, I learned that Johnny Nash died this week, so instead of reggae I ended up playing the song “I Can See Clearly Now.” With their permission, I observed several of my patients who were wired up for their neurofeedback session for anxiety and/or OCD to test out how this music affected them.

I told them about the dog and suggested they listen to the Johnny Nash song.   To my sheer amazement I could clearly see their brain calming down, and they reported feeling calmer.   The results were the same or better than the 528 or 396 Hz frequency I mentioned earlier. Thus, I recommended to them when they are feeling anxious or OCD to put on some reggae music in the background.  Great Success. 

Dr. Diane’s discovery on the neurofeedback monitor goes along with what we all know:  music affects our feelings and mood.  Other colleagues noted in response to her observation that the effect probably goes well beyond the frequency of the music, because, let’s face it, “I Can See Clearly Now” is one of the more upbeat and uplifting songs out there. The lyrics are all about optimism.

I am so grateful for Dr. Diane’s reminder that we can experiment on ourselves.  Consider putting together a play list of songs you like that focus on joy, resilience, or perseverance. Or, go the reggae way and see how the frequency and beat affect your mood (If you’re unfamiliar with reggae, Bob Marley, Ziggy Marley, or Norris Reid are good entry points to the genre.  Try starting here or here.).  It’s so easy to forget that music is vital to our lives, and it doesn’t take a double-blind, placebo-controlled study to know that music can change the course of your day.  And, any side effects of a good song are going to be positive ones!

You can find Dr. Diane Stoler at https://www.drdiane.com/.

Discovery of Cellular Mechanism that Forms Memories

Memory is a complicated thing that does not happen in just one part of the brain.  Think of an apple, for example. You may recall the taste of different varieties of apples; or how to draw the perfect, red apple; or a trick for remembering how to spell the word apple; or the smell of apple crisp baking; or even the time you got stung by a yellow jacket while picking apples at an orchard.  Each one of these things involves a network of cellular connections—a complex dance among various parts of the brain.  You cannot just point to a spot on the scalp and assert that memory happens in the brain under than one location.

However, a part of the brain called the hippocampus plays a special role in memory formation, and researchers at MIT have recently discovered how brain cells called neurons are activated in the hippocampus region for memory formation and recall. In a fascinating leap for for brain science, they gained insight into how DNA is modified in stretches where there are no genes to help with memory formation.

The topic is complicated, so if you’re interested, it’s probably best to read the MIT summary here.  You may also find a summary of the research at Neuroscience News.  Both MIT and Neuroscience News have interesting images within their articles.  The study itself is published in Nature Neuroscience. One must pay to read the study, which you can do here.

How to Exist in the 21st Century and Not Have a Panic Attack

In his book Notes on a Nervous Planet, Matt Haig seeks to answer three questions:

  • How do we feel happen when we are encouraged to be anxious?
  • How do we stay human in a technological world?
  • How can we stay sane on a planet that makes us mad?

His answers to these questions are brief, readable, and, I think, helpful for most people to consider. At times, he is philosophical, and at times, he is practical.  At times, he provides simple checklists; at others, he elaborates more. These combinations make the book readable and relatable without feeling preachy.

His answers, observations, and suggestions all focus on the unique situations, particularly technological, that we face in modern society, and he inserts enough of his own experiences for us to know that he is one of us and not a guru with all the answers.

Here is one example, paraphrased and condensed from the book, in which he provides tips for “How to exist in the 21st century and not have a panic attack:”

  • Keep an eye your yourself—be your own friend and parent. Be kind to yourself.
  • Declutter your mind.
  • Listen to calm noise, such as waves, a breeze, or rain.
  • Let it happen. To panic about panicking makes it worse.
  • Accept feelings.
  • Don’t grab life by the throat. Here he quotes Ray Bradbury, “Life should be touched, not strangled.”
  • Know that fear is not necessary; it is okay to release it.
  • Be aware of where you are and get to calm surroundings.
  • Release tightness through stretching and exercise.
  • Breathe

Grab a copy to see how he elaborates on this list and related topics. Throughout the book, I found myself reminded of things I already know and often forget to do, and I bet you’ll feel the same way.

For current clients, I have a copy in my office that you are welcome to borrow.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Working Memory

What neuroscientists know about the brain is a tiny fraction of what remains undiscovered. Moreover, often what we think we know about the brain ends up being incorrect.

Researchers at Cornell University recently discovered that what we thought we knew about working memory and the brain was incomplete, according to a study published in the journal Cell and summarized in Neuroscience News.  (Working memory is short-term memory.)

Previously, it was believed that the function of working memory in humans primarily lies in the pre-frontal cortex, that area of the brain behind our foreheads and front top of the brain, with sensory processing parts of the brain playing secondary roles.  The Cornell researchers found that multiple areas of the brain are involved in working memory, including and especially the thalamus, and that synchronous communications between the pre-frontal cortex and the thalamus are important for working memory.

This has practical implications. Neurofeedback practitioners know that several electrical frequencies, or speeds, are produced in the thalamus—including theta, low and high alpha, and low beta—and are projected throughout the brain. This means that training to improve working memory can happen not only by training the pre-frontal cortex, but by training brainwave synchrony and using a whole-brain approach that works the entire brain rather than just one or two places on the scalp.  In plain English, this means that practitioners who train multiple places on the brain have been covering these areas, even prior to the awareness that the thalamus and pre-frontal cortex work together.

It’s so important to understand that the brain is not a computer or even a machine with gears. It’s complex and dynamic and interconnected in ways that are exciting to discover. Respecting this complexity leads to better brain training.

You can read the Neuroscience News summary here.  The journal article in Cell is behind a pay wall but accessible here.

 

Neurofeedback for Self-Improvement

Based on a few recent conversations, I feel like it’s important to note that neurofeedback isn’t all about illness and unwellness. It’s about learning to tune into your own body and allowing it to reset itself in ways that improve your performance and sense of well-being.  It’s about helping people optimize their own functioning in gentle yet powerful ways.

I am not fond of the perspective that people who are struggling in some way are diseased, disordered, or broken. And, in fact, many of the people who come to my office for training are not at all seeking to fix something that’s broken or seems wrong. They often simply have a sense that they could be a better version of themselves—less stressed, more relaxed, more productive, or maybe even more joyful. They want to invest in themselves in meaningful ways.  Those aren’t just hokey words for this type of person; they are goals.

Especially in these crazy and unsettled times, investing in oneself is something to consider. It often makes perfect sense and is the right next step.

Neurofeedback and Traumatic Stress

Many of my clients who have done extensive online research into traumatic stress have come across the name Bessel van der Kolk. He is one of the most prominent names in the field of trauma and is also a huge proponent of neurofeedback training.  What is interesting is that people are surprised when I say that most skilled neurofeedback practitioners already know about Dr. van der Kolk, are familiar with his work, and integrate his findings into their practices.

If you happen to be one of those who is not familiar with his work, I highly recommend his book, The Body Keeps the Score.  If you are already familiar, you may want to explore his website, www.besselvanderkolk.com, or read one of his recent studies on neurofeedback and PTSD, which is here.

COVID-19 Can Invade the Brain

In a fascinating new study, researchers from Yale University and Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrièr have found evidence that COVID-19 passes into the brain and infects neurons in the cortex, according to a pre-publication document available here.

Coverage of this study in the New York Times further explains that the virus invades neurons and hijacks the cells to replicate itself.  Infection of the brain may be rare but lethal.  Researchers saw no immune response to the attack, calling it a silent infection.  The Times reports, “Forty percent to 60 percent of hospitalized Covid-19 patients experience neurological and psychiatric symptoms, said Dr. Robert Stevens, a neurologist at Johns Hopkins University. But the symptoms may not all stem from the virus’s invasion of brain cells. They may be the result of pervasive inflammation throughout the body.” Read the full NYT article here.

 

My Philosophy of Practice is Simple

Earlier today, I received a call from someone who asked me my philosophy of practice.  It occurred to me that somewhere in the process of maintaining my website, I’d deleted this information and ought to clarify it. So, here it is in blog form, and I have also given it a place on the website.

It’s really quite simple and boils down to just a few key points:

You are an individual, not a disease or diagnosis. Every person’s brain is a one-of-a-kind creation based on genetics and how the brain has responded to its environment and life events.  Therefore, when you come in for training, I consider your brain to be unique and adjust my training accordingly.

I train to YOUR brain’s patterns.  I look at what’s actually happening inside your brain using an assessment tool called the Trainers’ QEEG. This snapshot in time gives me a sense of your brain’s electrical energy habits and informs me better than any label or diagnosis. It’s unique to you.

I train toward optimal.  Research has shown a myriad of ways in which a person’s brain can create unhelpful patterns.  However, optimal brains share certain characteristics in their energy patterns. I believe in training each person to have more optimal functioning. What that means in practical terms is that I am philosophically not in alignment with training to a diagnosis.  (Besides, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for mental health conditions is a committee-created document based on checklists of symptoms.  Although the psychiatrists who create it have attempted in recent years to update it according to brain science, it still does not reflect what is happening electrically in the brain. This makes training based on diagnoses a hit or miss proposition.)

I do NOT believe you are secretly broken. It doesn’t matter that you have had developmental trauma or abuse, can’t sleep at night, or are having trouble functioning in life. Your brain has responded to the world around you in ways that were intended to help you survive. If you think about it, that is magnificent. It’s not a personality or character flaw, and we can work to help you re-regulate your own brain to serve you better in the here-and-now.

I am client-led. This means that I do my best to listen to you, your goals, and how your body responds to training. This is especially important when working with children or teens.

I believe in partnering.  I love numbers and graphs, but the brain map (another name for the Trainers’ QEEG) is only part of the process. The other part is focusing on your goals. What you want to achieve from neurofeedback is a big part of deciding where and how to train.  We will work together as a trainer/trainee team to tweak the feedback so that you get as much as you can from your work with me.

I am a team player. Neurofeedback is an amazing, powerful, and gentle tool. However, it is not a magic wand that one can wave and fix everything. If it appears that you would benefit from the services of another provider, I will suggest that. If you already have a team of caregivers, I will communicate with those other providers when it is appropriate to do so (and, of course, only with written permission).

If this approach to neurofeedback interests you, please give me a call or fill out the email contact form here.

Does Neurofeedback Really Work? C’mon…Really?

Some people who come in for consultations have a question that they seem to need to build up the courage to ask, as if it will insult me.  That question is:  How well does neurofeedback really work?

For others, especially skeptical spouses or those who encounter me in professional settings outside my office, the question is more blunt:  Does neurofeedback work at all?

I don’t blame people for wanting to dig deeper and know the truth.  Neurofeedback isn’t especially well known, so it doesn’t serve anyone well to leave such a critical unasked or unanswered.

Here’s my answer:

Yes, neurofeedback works.  It can make a difference for almost everyone; the question is usually more a matter of how much change might happen, not whether it will happen.

And, no, neurofeedback does not work for everyone.  I try to filter out people I don’t think I can help with brain training, because it does no good for a client to waste time and money on something that ends up frustrating us both.  That said, I’ve accidentally let a few clients slip through my filters over the years. It has only happened a handful of times.

Only once, out of the countless people who have come to my office, have I ever had someone come in who I thought was a good candidate for training who did not receive results. We stopped shortly into training when we mutually agreed it wasn’t a good plan to continue. The perfectionist in me is still bothered by that one.

Everyone else has seen results.  They tend to fall into a few categories, from transformational experiences to more modest results.

Here are a few examples of significant transformations:

  • One person from several years ago had a serious brain injury. By the time he came to me, he’d finished his intensive medical care and healing, had gone back to school, and was trying yet failing to pass the CPA exam.  A few months into our work together, he passed the first segment of the exam. After we completed our work together, he passed the remaining sections. It was such a thrill for both of us to see how he’d gone from struggling to absorb information into thriving in a new job and earning his CPA. He told me that brain training changed his life.

 

  • Yet another had his parents and his psychotherapist at their wits’ end. One parent described getting him ready for school and ready for bed to be akin to wrestling a bear, and his teachers had huge discipline problems in the classroom.  The boy’s psychotherapist referred him to me, and by the end of the training, this young man was calmer and happier. His results stuck, and over the years, he has become a delight to have in the classroom and earned regular placement on the honor roll.  The parents attributed this to neurofeedback.

A second category of client achieves important changes, but their shifts are not necessarily as showy or dramatic.  This group represents most of my clients. For example:

  • One adult client who has autism came to see me for calming. His mother was also hoping he would begin talking as a result of our work together. That didn’t happen, but because we were working on calming his body, his doctor was able to take him off all his anti-anxiety medications. His mother expressed great joy at that change in his ability to regulate himself and his reactions to his environment.

 

  • A teen client came to me for calming in the wake of multiple suicides at her school. In addition to feeling stress from the loss of a friend, she was staying up almost all night trying to earn good enough grades to get into a top university. These efforts led to her to sleeping just a couple of hours a night, and she was pretty ramped-up with worry most of the time. Part-way into our training, she was actually mad at me because she was sleeping a solid six hours a night and losing what she thought was important study time. Her mother, however, reported that the increased sleep and greater relaxation were making the girl more productive in her studies and better able to cope with her grief.

 

  • Numerous adopted teens have come to my office and achieved significant calming. Mothers describe reduced hypervigilance, increased affection, and overall reduced worry and stress.

A final set of people experience more mild changes.  People with really stuck brains, such as some senior citizens, some with chronic health conditions, and some with autism or autism-like concerns also experience results, but their results tend to take longer to appear. If they stick with training more than most, then they, too, achieve powerful results.

Neurofeedback works.  It helps people find better and more productive ways of showing up in the world, and almost everyone who is a good candidate for training and who shows up consistently experiences positive change.

If you are curious and want to know whether you might be one of those good candidates, please reach out via email or phone. I’m happy to answer your questions.

Health Problems and Adverse Childhood Experiences

In her phenomenal book, the deepest well, pediatrician Dr. Nadine Burke Harris writes about the link between childhood adversity and physical illness. She notes that children who have had a significant number of adverse events in childhood are more likely to be referred to a doctor for ADHD, have impulse control problems, asthma, and to suffer from a myriad of other physical symptoms. As adults, these children are more likely to be obese and suffer from cardiac problems, and they face as much as a 20-year reduction in life expectancy due to health-related concerns.

The connection between emotional trauma and physical problems that Dr. Harris has based her practice on was first popularized through research done at Kaiser. Kaiser’s team of researchers developed a 10-question list of potentially traumatic experiences people may have experienced prior to age 18, called the ACE scale.  Dr. Harris expanded upon the ACE test, because it does not capture all the types of traumas that children might experience, and integrated the use of those scores in her clinic in an impoverished area of San Francisco to improve physical and mental health. Dr. Harris found that a multi-modal approach to wellness helps improve outcomes for her patients and can help both children and adults.

It is interesting to me that Dr. Harris expanded upon the ACE test to include questions relevant to her patient base, because I have wondered more than once whether many people are experiencing the coronavirus pandemic as a trauma. If so, then it makes sense to nip any potential long-term problems in the bud through stress reduction techniques. The obvious steps are the ones will all know about but need reminders to do:  eat nutritious food, move our bodies, and sleep.   Other tools, though, can help, too, such as meditation or mindfulness practices, breathing practices, and body work (acupuncture, Reiki, massage, etc.). Certainly, going directly to the nervous system and calming it through neurofeedback would be an amazing benefit.  Neurofeedback cannot fix a crazy world, but it can help us respond to it in healthier ways. (I work with individuals age eight and older.)

If the link between emotional and physical health interests you, I strongly encourage you to read the deepest well. If you’re not a reader or don’t have time, Dr. Harris provides an abbreviated version of her story through a Ted talk, which you can access here.

If you’re curious about your own or a loved one’s ACE score, here is a copy:

For each “yes” answer, add 1. The total number at the end is your cumulative number of ACEs.
Before your 18th birthday:

  1. Did a parent or other adult in the household often or very often… Swear at you, insult you, put you down, or humiliate you? or Act in a way that made you afraid that you might be physically hurt?
  2. Did a parent or other adult in the household often or very often… Push, grab, slap, or throw something at you? or Ever hit you so hard that you had marks or were injured?
  3. Did an adult or person at least 5 years older than you ever… Touch or fondle you or have you touch their body in a sexual way? or Attempt or actually have oral, anal, or vaginal intercourse with you?
  4. Did you often or very often feel that … No one in your family loved you or thought you were important or special? or Your family didn’t look out for each other, feel close to each other, or support each other?
  5. Did you often or very often feel that … You didn’t have enough to eat, had to wear dirty clothes, and had no one to protect you? or Your parents were too drunk or high to take care of you or take you to the doctor if you needed it?
  6. Were your parents ever separated or divorced?
  7. Was your mother or stepmother:
    Often or very often pushed, grabbed, slapped, or had something thrown at her? or Sometimes, often, or very often kicked, bitten, hit with a fist, or hit with something hard? or Ever repeatedly hit over at least a few minutes or threatened with a gun or knife?
  8. Did you live with anyone who was a problem drinker or alcoholic, or who used street drugs?
  9. Was a household member depressed or mentally ill, or did a household member attempt suicide?
  10. Did a household member go to prison?

If your total of ‘yes’ responses is four or greater, you are among those at higher risk for health problems.  A high score does not mean that you definitely will have health challenges, because this scale does not include protective factors that will build your resilience.

 

 

 

Remote Training is Possible

Neurofeedback requires placing electrodes on the scalp to record brainwave activity and reward the brain for shifting.  Because of this, most people think that this must be done in an office setting. It CAN be done remotely, however.

Until the outbreak of coronavirus, most people who used this option either lived too far from a practitioner to commute regularly or required so many sessions that in-office training wasn’t financially feasible.  Now, however, the world of neurofeedback has shifted, and remote training is gaining in popularity.

HOW IT WORKS

There are many approaches to home training. If you would like to train with me, you do come to the office for an initial brain map and training plan (I keep my office clean. You can read about steps I take here).  During that appointment, you learn how to attach electrodes and where to put them on the scalp, and you receive the equipment you’ll need for home training.

After that, we schedule online appointments. I oversee how you are placing electrodes, setting up the equipment, and running sessions.  There is, of course, a learning curve involved in this, but thousands of people around the world are doing it, and so can you.  You’re never on your own unless you feel confident and want to conduct sessions on your own.

If you would like to know more about this option, please reach out.  I can conduct consultations online or in person, and I do not charge for consults.

Stress Reduction for Students

With a new school year beginning, many of us are worried about our students’ mental health and well-being.  A small study from Yale University and reported in Science Daily found that a combination of SKY breath meditation, yoga postures, social connections and service activities resulted in benefits in six reported measures of well-being. These measurements were: depression, stress, overall mental health, mindfulness, positive affect, and social connectedness.  Interestingly, the study found that the combination of activities resulted in better results than the internationally known Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program.

The study, though small, underscores the idea that there is no one single means of creating well-being. How we breathe, move, connect, and care are each an important component of overall health (I would personally add sleeping well, eating well, and spiritual practices to this list).  You may find the Science Daily article here and a site about SKY Breath Meditation here.